Direct Indexing: Personalized, Tax-Efficient Portfolios at Scale

Peter Essele, CFA®, CAIA, CFP®
Peter Essele, CFA®, CAIA, CFP®

03.27.25 in Wealth Planning & Investing

Estimated Reading Time: 3 Minutes (554 words)

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Many advisors I speak with have clients who want more personalized investment recommendations. Mutual fund and exchange-traded fund (ETF) portfolios based on a broad investment objective and risk tolerance won’t cut it. That’s when I suggest a direct indexing solution as an alternative. It’s a highly customizable investment strategy that enables advisors to manage portfolios in a fraction of the time it once took, allowing them to build scale and efficiency—and ultimately profitability—into their practice.

What Is Direct Indexing?

Direct indexing solutions are comprehensive strategies aimed at helping advisors manage client investments with greater precision, confidence, and after-tax alpha. They are types of separately managed accounts (SMAs) that invest in the individual securities of a broad market index, such as the S&P 500. Clients can see which securities they’re invested in, while advisors can exclude certain tickers, sectors, or industries. This enables greater customization and alignment with goals, a feature that’s unavailable in pooled vehicles such as mutual funds or ETFs.

Hear from my colleague, Sarah Quinn, about the benefits Commonwealth’s Personalized Indexing solution can bring to your clients and your business.

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The Direct Indexing Difference

One of the biggest advantages of direct indexing is that most technology platforms running this strategy can automatically harvest tax losses, a process that’s difficult to achieve at scale when done manually. Unlike mutual funds or ETFs, which allow individual investors to tax-loss harvest only in a down market, with direct indexing you can harvest losses in any underperforming security without significantly changing the portfolio’s allocation. Considering that, on average, 43 percent of stocks in the Russell 3000 Index had negative returns annually between 2013–2023,* this can provide substantial tax savings to clients.

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Other tax strategies often used with direct indexing include:

  • Tax transitioning. Move securities into a model in-kind, and then systematically sell assets and buy into the model over time without exceeding a capital gains budget.

  • Tax overlay. Seek to minimize the tax impact on a client’s portfolio by leveraging strategies such as tax-loss harvesting, gain/loss matching, and deferring short-term gains.

The Ideal Client Profile

The wide-ranging benefits of direct indexing make it a viable investment strategy for clients with varying goals across the wealth spectrum. But, to give you an idea of who may benefit most, I’ve gathered a few scenarios from advisors I’ve worked with recently:

Proactively accumulate losses over the next several years so the client can offset future capital gains from the sale of the business.

Manage taxable events over time to limit or reduce the client’s annual tax expenses.

Build a tailored portfolio around the concentrated stock position, helping the client diversify risk and optimize taxes.

Maximize portfolio returns for the client by deferring capital gains until retirement, when their marginal tax rate may be lower.

Exclude certain securities or sectors from a portfolio when they don’t align with the client’s values.

Commonwealth’s Managed Accounts Solution

Here at Commonwealth, our Investment Management and Research team manages our Preferred Portfolio Services (PPS)® Select platform, offering more than 100 portfolio models. You can choose from a diverse range, including active, passive, income, alternative, tax-aware, sustainable, and 10 direct-indexing solutions. This enables you to create the right portfolio for your clients while saving valuable time by outsourcing administrative tasks, such as due diligence, trading, and rebalancing.

Do More for Your Clients in Less Time

Your clients are the lifeblood of your firm. To stay competitive, you’ll likely need to go beyond the traditional role of investment manager to providing financial, estate, retirement, and tax planning services as well. This can add significant time to your day if not managed properly. By tapping into innovative strategies like direct-indexing solutions, you’ll deliver a better experience for clients while guiding them on their journey to financial freedom. And, you’ll gain back valuable time needed to take on additional clients and grow your business.

* Source: Orion.

Investments are subject to risk, including the loss of principal. Some investments and strategies are not suitable for all investors, and there is no guarantee that any investment goal will be met. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

PPS Select Personalized Indexing strategies allow clients to create customized portfolios that seek to closely track a market index while tailoring the investments to their unique preferences based on factors such as risk tolerance, time horizon, and tax considerations. These strategies include tax-loss harvesting, which seeks to reduce taxes by selling an investment at a loss to offset capitals gains or ordinary income. The original holding is replaced with another security (“replacement security”) designed to maintain the portfolio’s exposure to the market. 

PPS Select Personalized Indexing strategies are subject to certain risks, including portfolio tracking error, which is a portfolio’s deviation from the performance of the target market index. This can be caused by the strategy’s representative sampling methodology and client portfolio customization. Tax-loss harvesting can have unintended tax consequences and there may be higher fees or costs associated with a replacement security. There is no guarantee that a favorable tax outcome will be achieved. 

This material is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute tax advice. Please consult a tax or legal professional regarding your individual circumstances before deciding to invest. Commonwealth does not provide tax or legal advice.

This material is for educational purposes only and is not intended to provide specific advice.

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Hi, I'm Becca, managing principal, chief business development officer at Commonwealth. I can't wait to learn more about you and share our Commonwealth story.